^{Developed by Rakesh Ranjan}

The use of relative and correlative adjectives and adverbs are very common in Hindi. They connect two semantically related simple sentences. Correlative clauses represent a parametric variation of relative clauses.  The following chart gives some parallel sets of adjective and adverbs. The relative forms and their corresponding proximate and far correlative forms are given with their interrogative forms. 

4.1 Relative and Correlative Form

Relative clauses of	Relative Expression		Correlative Expressions				Question words
Adjectival form
Quantity (adjective)	जितना	as much/many	इतना	this much	उतना	that much	कितना	how much..
Quality  (adjective)	जैसा	such as, like	ऐसा	like this	वैसा	like that	कैसा	like what
Adverbial forms
place/ location (adverb)	जहाँ	where	यहाँ	here	वहाँ	there	कहाँ	where
direction (adverb)	िजधर	in which direction	इधर	in  this direction	उधर	In that direction	किधर	in which direction
Time (adv)	जब	when	अब	now	तब	then	कब	when
Adverbs of manner	जैसे	in a manner as	ऐसे	in this manner	वैसे	in that manner	कैसे	In which manner

For example:

• जितना- उतना (adjectives): जितनी गरमी दिल्ली में पड़ती है उतनी मसूरी में नहीं पड़ती। Mussoorie is not as hot as Delhi.
• जैसा-वैसा (adjectives): जैसा हिन्दुस्तान वैसा पाकिस्तान। Like Hindustan like Pakistan.
• जहाँ- वहाँ (adverbs): जहाँ गर्मी है वहाँ मैं नहीं रह सकता। I cannot live where there is so much heat.
• जिधर- उधर (adverbs): जिधर हम जा रहे हैं उधर बहुत बड़ा बाग़ है। Where we are going, there is a very big garden.
• जब- तब (adverbs): जब वह अाया तब बहुत बारिश हो रही थी। When he came (then) it was raining a lot.
• जैसे- वैसे  (adverbs): जैसे लोग दिल्ली में हिन्दी बोलते हो वैसे  बिहार में  नहीं बोलते हैं। People in Bihar do not speak Hindi in the way people speak (Hindi) in India.

4.2 The relative-correlative adverbs (expressing time) with postpositions:

Sometimes different postpositions are used with various relative correlative adverbs, as shown in the following chart:    

Relative adverb	Correlative adverbs
जब (at which time, when)	तब (at that time, then)
जब से (since which time, since when)	तब से (since that time, since then)
जब तक (as long as, until, by that time that)	तब तक (until then, by then)

• जब- तब: जब हमलोग भारत आये तब (तो) बहुत गरमी थी। When we came to India (then) it was very hot.
• जब से- तब से: जब से हमलोग भारत आये है तब से गरमी बढ़ रही है। Since we came to India, heat is increasing.
• जब तक- तब तक जब तक मौसम अच्छा रहेगा तब तक हम दिल्ली मे रहेंगे। Until the weather is good, we will stay in Delhi.