Category Archives: U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ)

Executive Order Prohibits Transfer of Sensitive Personal Data to “Countries of Concern”

by Patrick J. Austin and John Pilch

Photos of authors

From the left to right: Patrick J. Austin and John Pilch

On February 28, 2024, U.S. President Joe Biden issued Executive Order on Preventing Access to Americans’ Bulk Sensitive Personal Data and United States Government-Related Data by Countries of Concern (EO), which authorizes the U.S. Attorney General to restrict large-scale transfers of personal data to “countries of concern.” The “countries of concern” identified in the EO include China (along with Hong Kong and Macau), Russia, Iran, North Korea, Cuba and Venezuela, according to a summary issued by the White House.

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Monitoring What Matters: A Fresh Look Proposal to Government and Industry for How Post-Resolution Oversight Can Best Deny Hostile Actors the Means to Cause Deadly Harm

by Brent Carlson and Michael Huneke

Photos of the authors.

From left to right: Brent Carlson and Michael Huneke (Photos courtesy of authors)

U.S. economic sanctions and export controls serve a wide range of national security interests. When hostile actors rely on U.S.-designed or -manufactured components in weapons used in fatal attacks on U.S. and coalition military personnel and civilian populations, there is an acute need to quickly identify the illicit trade flows and stop those components from reaching the battlefield. Continue reading

Blockchain Analytics: A Reliable Use of Artificial Intelligence for Crime Detection and Legal Compliance

by Sujit Raman and Thomas Armstrong

photos of authors

From left to right: Sujit Raman and Thomas Armstrong. (Photos courtesy of authors).

Everyone these days is talking about artificial intelligence and how to use it responsibly. Among law enforcement and compliance professionals, discussions around the responsible use of AI are nothing new. Even so, recent advances in machine learning have turbocharged AI’s transformative potential in detecting, preventing, and—in a particular sense—even predicting illicit activity. These advances are especially notable in the field of blockchain analytics: the process of associating digital asset wallets to real-world entities.

In a recent, pathbreaking opinion and order, U.S. District Judge Randolph Moss rejected a criminal defendant’s challenge to the government’s evidentiary use of blockchain analytics to link him to illicit financial activity.[1] Many courts—including, just a few days ago, a U.S. district court in Massachusetts[2]—have relied on the validity of blockchain analytics when taking pre-trial actions like issuing seizure orders and authorizing arrest warrants; Judge Moss’s opinion is the first trial court examination of this powerful analytic capability. Taken together, this growing body of legal authority forcefully affirms the reliability—and therefore admissibility in court—of evidence derived from such analytics.

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A Thousand Pilot Programs Bloom: DOJ Pushes Forward to Further Welcome Whistleblowers

by Max Rodriguez

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Max Rodriguez (photo courtesy of author)

Not even three months into the new year, the Department of Justice has announced three new pilot whistleblower programs that meaningfully incentivize whistleblowers to come forward and bring new information to the government’s attention. These programs have the potential to help supercharge DOJ’s already-substantial enforcement capabilities and fill a much-needed gap for whistleblowers, who were limited to reporting information to subject matter-specific agency programs or only pursuant to individual enforcement authorities under DOJ’s purview like the False Claims Act.

Still, details matter, and implementation is everything. Many questions remain about how these programs will work in practice, and how they will interact with other overlapping or abutting whistleblower programs. These overlaps and details will present challenges for the government and for attorneys representing whistleblowers to minimize the risk and maximize the reward for their clients.

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Recent Regulatory Announcements Confirm Increased Scrutiny of “AI-Washing”

by Tami Stark, Courtney Hague AndrewsMaria Beguiristain, Joel M. Cohen, Daniel Levin, Darryl Lew, and Marietou Diouf

Photos of authors

Top (left to right): Tami Stark, Courtney Hague Andrews, Maria Beguiristain, and Joel M. Cohen
Bottom (left to right): Daniel Levin, Darryl Lew, and Marietou Diouf (Photos courtesy of White & Case LLP)

In December 2023, we published an alert concerning US Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) Chair Gary Gensler’s warning to public companies against “AI washing” – that is, making unfounded claims regarding artificial intelligence (“AI”) capabilities.[1] It is no surprise that since then regulators and the US Department of Justice (“DOJ”) have repeated this threat and the SEC publicized an AI related enforcement action that typically would not get such emphasis.

In January 2024, the SEC’s Office of Investor Education and Advocacy issued a joint alert with the North American Securities Administrators Association and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority warning investors of an increase in investment frauds involving the purported use of AI and other emerging technologies.[2] Similarly, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission Office of Customer Education and Outreach issued a customer advisory warning the public against investing in schemes touting “AI-created algorithms” that promise guaranteed or unreasonably high returns.[3]

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Department of Commerce, Department of the Treasury, and Department of Justice Tri-Seal Compliance Note: Obligations of foreign-based persons to comply with U.S. sanctions and export control laws

by the Department of Commerce, Department of the Treasury, and Department of Justice

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OVERVIEW

Today’s increasingly interconnected global marketplace offers unprecedented opportunities for companies around the world to trade with the United States and one another, contributing to economic growth. At the same time, malign regimes and other bad actors may attempt to misuse the commercial and financial channels that facilitate foreign trade to acquire goods, technology, and services that risk undermining U.S. national security and foreign policy and that challenge global peace and prosperity. In response to such risks, the United States has put in place robust sanctions and export controls to restrict the ability of sanctioned actors to misuse the U.S. financial and commercial system in advance of malign activities.

These measures can create legal exposure not only for U.S. persons, but also for non-U.S. companies who continue to engage with sanctioned jurisdictions or persons in violation of applicable laws. To mitigate the risks of non-compliance, companies outside of the United States should be aware of how their activities may implicate U.S. sanctions and export control laws. This Note highlights the applicability of U.S. sanctions and export control laws to persons and entities located abroad, as well as the enforcement mechanisms that are available for the U.S. government to hold non-U.S. persons accountable for violations of such laws, including criminal prosecution. It further provides an overview of compliance considerations for non-U.S. companies and compliance measures to help mitigate their risk.

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WilmerHale Global Anti-Bribery Year-in-Review: 2023 Developments and Predictions for 2024

by Kimberly Parker, Jay Holtmeier, Erin Sloane, Christopher Cestaro, Sandra Redivo, Matthew Girgenti, Elliot Shackelford, and Keun Young Bae

Top left to right: Kimberly Parker, Jay Holtmeier, Erin Sloane, and Christopher Cestaro.
Bottom left to right: Sandra Redivo, Matthew Girgenti, Elliot Shackelford, and Keun Young Bae. (Photos courtesy of Wilmer Cutler Pickering Hale and Dorr LLP).

Although publicly announced Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) enforcement activity remains lower than the levels reached a few years ago, 2023 saw a modest increase in the overall number of FCPA enforcement actions (26 in 2022 vs. 27 in 2023).  This was seen especially in the number of corporate resolutions (12 in 2022 vs. 15 in 2023).  The combined total of monetary penalties decreased, from $1.56 billion in 2022 to $776 million in 2023.  Nonetheless, senior officials at the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) again signaled, through policy changes and public announcements, that anti-corruption enforcement is a priority and that there will be significant and growing enforcement efforts going forward.  Below are the key takeaways regarding FCPA enforcement in 2023 and trends to keep in mind as we look ahead to 2024.

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“Expect Some Illumination”: A Fresh Look at U.S. Congressional Hearings in the Era of Sanctions and Export Controls as the New FCPA

by Brent Carlson and Michael Huneke

Photos of the authors.

From left to right: Brent Carlson and Michael Huneke (Photos courtesy of authors)

The 118th U.S. Congress has taken an active and bipartisan interest in U.S. sanctions and export controls. With reports that U.S. executives have been asked to testify before the U.S. House Select Committee on the Chinese Communist Party[1] and recent hearings before a U.S. Senate subcommittee previewing further questions for both companies and regulators,[2] U.S. companies whose products might require a license for export to China or that might be found in Russian or Iranian weapons should prepare for congressional scrutiny—and congressional pressure on the U.S. Executive Branch departments to deliver enforcement results. Continue reading

DOJ Continues to Modernize its Criminal Antitrust Enforcement Strategy

by Richard A. Powers

(Photo courtesy of the author)

Over the past few years, the Justice Department has been hard at work on a comprehensive update to the way it detects, investigates, and prosecutes price-fixing cartels. Several recent announcements, including at last week’s ABA White Collar Conference, preview the DOJ Antitrust Division’s next steps in this generational shift—the goals of which are to refine disclosure incentives, promote individual accountability, and obtain trial convictions.

First, on March 7, 2024, Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco announced the DOJ is kicking off a 90-day whistleblower “policy sprint”; the finish line is a new program to complement existing regulators’ programs, rewarding qualifying whistleblowers for bringing non-public, previously unknown misconduct to the DOJ’s attention. The Antitrust Division has long sought to encourage individual self-reporting as a complement to its corporate VSD policy, so expect that this initiative will aim to improve that incentive structure. Next, the DOJ updated the Justice Manual to incorporate the M&A safe harbor policy that it announced last fall. Notably for antitrust practitioners, the JM updates included changes to the Antitrust Division’s leniency policy that provide much-needed clarification on how companies that detect potential collusion at an M&A target can avoid inheriting those liabilities by promptly reporting to DOJ. Third, senior Antitrust Division officials continue to emphasize that they are focused on developing investigations through affirmative investigative techniques, such as wiretaps and whistleblowers.

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Paying Criminal Whistleblowers: DOJ Announces A Program to Pay For Tips, and the SFO Is Considering Doing So Too

by Joshua A. Naftalis, Matt Getz, and Tracey Dovaston

From left to right: Joshua A. Naftalis, Matt Getz, and Tracey Dovaston. (Photos courtesy of Pallas Partners LLP).

In the past two weeks, the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) and the U.K. Serious Fraud Office (SFO) each made announcements about paying financial bounties to whistleblowers.  On March 7, 2024, U.S. Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco announced a new DOJ whistleblower program that will compensate individual whistleblowers for reporting corporate or financial misconduct previously unknown to DOJ.  This announcement followed a February 13, 2024 speech by SFO Director Nick Ephgrave, who said that he supported the idea of paying whistleblowers.    

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