The Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in Indonesia was one of the most deadly disasters in history. The megathrust earthquake had a magnitude of 9.1, and its immense strength caused a tsunami on the coastlines. Killing a total of 230,000 people in Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and South Africa, the after effects of this disaster demanded the development of new initiatives for disaster risk reduction, earthquake sensors, possible volcano sensors, and increased global cooperation in times of need.
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