Variation and Improvisatory Processes in North Indian Tabla Solo Performance
Vistār-rachna (expandable compositions) form the core of the North Indian solo tabla repertoire. These compositions consist of a theme which is performed along with variations (vistār). Professional tabla performers typically learn how to create variations through experience and exposure, but native theoretical models have not produced a systematic model for describing or categorizing the compositional and improvisatory processes involved in their creation. This paper presents some of the most common mechanisms used to create variations, focusing on the solo forms of kaidā and relā. It emphasizes the continuum between composition and improvisation inherent in creating variations, and distinguishes between processes of permutation, selection, and calculation during improvisatory performances. It suggests that, for many tabla players, processes of improvisation are entwined with the structure and tradition of each theme composition.