Tag: magnum

Magnum Site: First Impressions

The vastness of the collection on Magnum’s website is overwhelming – similar to the content itself, the sheer volume is impressive, diverse, and spans a wide range of times and places. The site is so clean, neat, and simple, and I think this design is the best way to view this type of photography; there are no distractions, no colors on the borders of the pages, and very few words. The photographs are allowed the space and freedom to speak for themselves, and they most certainly do.

I approached the collection by looking at the “Whereabout Map” section of the site and delving into different parts of the world. Most of the major countries are represented with dozens of photographers who have shot there – hundreds upon thousands of documented moments from all of the significant events of the past century and a half. I started in Europe, poked around in the Middle East, and then transitioned over to Cambodia, looking at poverty, war, religion, art, community, tragedy, and strength along the way. I then chose my two photographers at random from the list (by completely just judging their names and making associations in my head). I picked Bruce Davidson because his name seemed familiar, American, and that maybe I could relate to his photos. I chose Lu Nan because I am interested in the history of Asia and figured I would see something less familiar, but definitely distinct and fascinating.

Bruce Davidson is in fact an American photographer, born in 1933. He has been fascinated with photography since the age of ten, and was an active, accomplished photographer throughout high school and college. After serving in the military, he came back to the US and joined Magnum in 1958. He is perhaps best-known for his impressive first-hand documentation of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, for which he received a Guggenheim fellowship, an NEA grant, and an extensive exhibit at MOMA. This project contains some fairly iconic images of Martin Luther King Jr., including the following that I found very familiar:

Dr. martin luther king jr. surrounded by reporters

Dr. martin luther king jr. sitting at a table with microphones in front of him

It was a different project of Davidson’s that I found most compelling, though. In 1959, he published a photo essay entitled Brooklyn Gang. I was drawn to the raw simplicity of the photos – all black and white, naturally, and all seemingly candid. They are small snapshots of banal moments in a group of teenagers’ lives: walking down the street, buying a soda, laying on the beach, sitting in the back of a car. And though they are taken from a different era, they seemed so overwhelmingly familiar and comfortable. This first photo in particular captures that feeling for me:

Man at lunch counter

It is impossible for this photograph to be any more quintessential-1950s-white-American-teen. The Coke, the penny candy, the scrawny yet tough character, the way his sleeve is rolled up far too high on his arm, the slicked back hair – this might as well be a screengrab out of an episode of Happy Days. And nearly all of the pictures look like this, like the way we’ve all agreed upon defining the 50s from hindsight. Yet it’s all very real in these photographs; these teens have been documented in such a way that their lives resonate in a very true fashion with me today.

Young man at the beach sitting in the sand

This second photo of Davidson’s intrigued me because it left me with a lot of questions. Whereas many of the other photos in this series seem candid and casual, this one stands out because the subject is facing the camera directly. The posture and the angle we see is very open and vulnerable – it welcomes the viewer in, and opens the door to many questions: Is he alone on the beach, or are his companions just not in this shot? What is he carrying in his luggage? Exactly how old is he? What do his tattoos mean? Does he know that cat? This picture really captured my attention and drew me in, like all of Davidson’s extensive, impressive work.

Next I moved on to Lu Nan. His work instantly instantly grabbed my focus, so I tried to learn about his life, and I found that to be a mysteriously hard task. It turns out, the 47-year-old Chinese photographer (the only Chinese photographer in Magnum, ever) is a notorious recluse and cryptic person. Not much is known about his life, and he will occasionally inexplicably disappear for years at a time. Nan’s work, regardless of the details of his personal life, is painful, beautiful, spiritual, and enlightening. I was especially drawn to his series On the Road, the Catholic Church in China. This project documents the underground goings-on of the illegal Catholic community in secular China in the early 1990s. My initial expectation going into Nan’s work was that it would be very foreign and unfamiliar to me – however, my Catholic upbringing made the images of Catholicism in this distant country very familiar. These two photographs were particularly resonate:
Young man in long robes walking along mountain pathGroup of people sitting in a circle

They capture images that are so commonplace in my mind – a member of the Franciscan order and a group of people gathered in prayer. But the background and undertones of the images are what make these shots so powerful, unique, and different, at least for me – the picturesque mountains so casually and elegantly providing the backdrop for the photos and the very real sense that the religious actions being taken are highly dangerous. The main picture in focus in the foreground with an exotic background mimics the very nature of that which is depicted (in my mind): something clear up front, with something very unknown in back.

The following two photos from the Catholic photo essay additionally left me awestruck:People surrounding mother and baby

Man speaking to older women in front of a large window

Both capture the moment of baptism, initiation into the Catholic Church. The top pictures shows an 8-day-old baby being baptized, and the caption reveals that it is illegal for a person under the age of 18 years to be baptized. The bottom picture shows an 82-year-old woman being baptized. Both depict an overwhelming sense of strong faith, and, furthermore, a dedication to a religion that is so difficult to dedicate oneself to in China at this time. A lot of Nan’s work depicts heart-wrenching, sad realities in China, but I found that above all else, a true sense of community and commitment is evident in the people shown in his work.

Finally, I enjoyed this picture of Nan’s, because it reminds me of Carl and Ellie in the movie Up.

Elderly couple sitting in front of wall with photos

Masters of Magnum

This might be an obvious, but Magnum photographers have such diverse bodies of work. Some, like Michael Christopher Brown, take photos in a very clean and to the point way – the action is very strong and clearly the purpose of the photograph. Others choose a rather artistic approach, straying away from what I used to conceive as the “traditional” photojournalism style. The most simple of differences between photos harkens back to the heated discussions these men would give into. It is clear they all have different ideas of how to approach the situations they are in. It made sense to me how they would bicker about the aesthetics and morals of art. There also seems to be a sense of community despite how different they all are. This is seen in the yearly meetings as well as things like a map showing where they all are or the theme page where they all show their different styles and works that happen to be centered on a theme. It is interesting to see how despite their different styles, backgrounds, ideals, geographic locations, it all boils down to some very central and specific themes that cut across all boundaries.

I did, however, find myself wishing that I knew more about the stories and the events being depicted in the photos on the website. Some had brief captions or descriptions but none went into the depth that I was seeking. That seems like something that would be important to them as an organization so it struck me as odd.

The first thing that truly struck me from the Magnum website was the work of Geurgui Pinkhassov. I looked at a couple of portfolios before I looked at his that very commercial and fashion heavy. The ones I had looked at during class were quite story based. Pinkhassov’s work struck me because I could tell I was looking at something quite complex, something that has a story, but his work is strikingly beautiful. He uses an intense amount of shadow play and pairs it with quite dim lighting, but his work is in a rather electric color.

Balcony with light shining through stained glass

SPAIN. Andalusia. Sevilla. 1993.
Balcony of a hotel.

Hotel hallway with sunlight streaming through window creating pattern on wall

JAPAN. Tokyo. 1996. Hotel in Akasaka area.

These are only two examples of his work – the first of businessmen in Tokyo and the second of a hotel balcony in Spain. Both use the space brilliantly and leave me wanting to know more about the scene. I find myself wishing Pinkhassov would tell me a story about his trips here, about how and why he acquired these shots. I feel as though I am contently surrounded by what I would consider quite mediocre photography of girls in cute outfits in front of buildings or brooding guys smoking a cigarette with their coffee. This is the first time photography truly inspired me and really made me appreciate a body of work as a whole.

After looking at his selected portfolio, I ventured into his other work. It’s interesting to see that his style pretty much stayed tried and true throughout his life and throughout the different genres he photographs. His reportage work has a certain artistic quality to it which I feel sometimes is lacking in traditional photojournalism. His fashion photography lacks that stark, posed vibe and is replaced by soft lighting and movement. Even his commercial work stays true to his aesthetic. RATP hired him to do a series on urban mobility and even then, his work struck me as authentically “him”. What a versatile man. Here’s two more images of his commercial work because he’s fantastic.

Driver in bus window overlaid by reflection of trees and surrounding buildings

FRANCE. Paris. 2014.

Woman sitting on bus viewed through blue tinted window

FRANCE. Paris. 2014.

For my second photographer, I looked through the women of the organization, since they are such a minority – Carolyn Drake stuck out to me. A lot of her photos appealed to me visually and a lot of them included the captions I had yearned for earlier. The ones that stuck out for me the most, however, were the photographs she would take and then draw over. One example is this one of a man in China – the inscription reads “faithfulness. Life is only one time. Everyone has to remember their faith.” The juxtaposition of the handwriting on a photograph stands out to me. While what she is doing is not exactly a novel idea, I do not see many people turning their photography into art (in the traditional sense). The lighting of the photo combined with the metallic lettering gives him a beyond natural presence in the room.

Man in darkened room surrounded by blue aura.

China. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Hotan. 2011. After sacrificing a camel with his ten siblings for Kurban. Translation of the inscription: “Faithfulness. Life is only one time. Everyone has to remember their faith.”

The second photo I chose is of Cagan Sekercioglu releasing a bird he banded. While I’m not quite sure of the significance of such a photo or what it’s depicting, the image drew me in. The concentration yet gentleness and concern in Cagan’s face is truly a fleeting moment that is hard to capture. She strikes me as someone who has many different styles and can adapt well to the situation in which she is put. The photos I chose are also very personal, as if the people in them invited her into their personal head space and literal space in order to allow her to fully and authentically capture the moment. 

Person holding bird out of window

Turkey. Kars. Aras. 2011. Cagan Sekercioglu prepares to release a Red-backed Shrike after banding it at a bird banding station he set up in Aras, a small village near Turkey’s closely monitored border with Armenia.

It is interesting to me that I chose photos with all color because I am usually drawn to the stark contrast of black and white. I think this shows the mastery of the Magnum photographers because I think it is easy to make something look quite commercial, plain, or flat if it is shot in color. 

Magnum Website and Photographers

Trying to articulate a concise response to the Magnum website is difficult because of the massive amount of work these photographers have produced. The collective is clearly incredibly successful and influential. It seems Magnum is most focused on supporting their photographers. This comes across in the way that the site displays not only journalistic photo-essays, but commercial work as well. The website provides each photographer with ample space to show a variety of projects. This highlights the diversity of work that Magnum photographers are producing—both in content and in form. Looking at the multi-photographer portfolios and stories, its clear Magnum photographers are incredibly skilled and have a range of styles and aesthetics. I was disappointed by how the collective is predominantly made up of white men, and mostly Europeans and North Americans. However, perhaps that will change in the future, or is in the process of changing, seeing as many of the female photographers are relatively young and new to the agency.

Something striking about the work displayed on the site is that most of it seems to exist in a space somewhere between art and journalism—or perhaps, as both. Much of the work in the editorial stories seems concerned with the importance of both what the story is and how it is being told. Most of the photographs I saw were both stylistically interesting to look at while also being informative and adding to a sense of the story, place, or people within the image. I get the sense that Magnum photographers are highly aware of their balance between art and journalism, and how that affects the significance of their work. In the site’s basic description of the agency it says, “With powerful individual vision, Magnum photographers chronicle the world and interpret its peoples, events, issues, and personalities.” I find this statement to be incredibly important; specifically by recognizing the “individual vision” of its photographers and their acts of interpretation, Magnum is not attempting to claim any singular truth through the photographs, but rather, speak to the complexity of photographic objectivity and highlight how these specific individuals are seeing and experiencing the world.

One of the photographers whose work interests me is Alessandra Sanguinetti. She was born in New York in 1968 and grew up and lived in Argentina from 1970 to 2003. She is a recipient of the Guggenheim Foundation fellowship and joined Magnum in 2007. Most of her work is done is color, asides from one portfolio entitled Sweet Expectations. I was drawn to her work because of how intimate her images are. In the first project I looked at, The Adventures of Guille and Belinda and the Enigmatic Meaning of their Dreams, Sanguinetti photographed two sisters, Guille and Belinda, who live in the farmlands near Buenos Aires. She met them while working on a different project, but eventually began photographing them and creating a separate portfolio of work that is both a documentation of their lives and a collaboration with them to delve into, what Sanguinetti calls, their “imaginary spaces.”

There is a very cinematic quality to her photographs, both in the images where the girls dress up and play out fantasies or dreams as well as the more day-to-day moments. I think this reflects the imaginative nature of childhood. In The Madonna, and many of the other photographs of the girls, Sanguinetti photographs the girls from either eye level or looking up at them. This increases my feelings of intimacy with the subjects and aggrandizes their presence. In The Madonna, Sanguinetti shows the girls in their costumes posing in some sort of open-structure. By photographing them with contextual detail, like the dirt floor, the pig, the chopped wood, and buckets, Sanguinetti balances Guille and Belinda’s imagination and reality. She allows us to see into both their physical and psychical world.

two young girls posed as virgin mary with child and angel.

ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires. 2001. The Madonna.

Sanguinetti continued to photograph the girls as the got older, but maintained a similar aesthetic. Though the images became less about the girls’ dreams, they retain a quiet and delicate feeling. Her photograph Tomatoes is an example of this. She uses soft light, and though the girls have entered into adulthood (Guille is pregnant) the photograph perpetuates the playful, dreamy impression of the earlier childhood images.

Two women with stomachs touching

Alessandra Sanguinetti. ARGENTINA. Buenos Aires. 2007. Tomatoes.

Another photographer whose work interests me is Raghu Rai. He is an Indian photographer, born in 1942, and was nominated by Henri Cartier-Bresson to join Magnum in 1977. Through their textured high-contrast appearance, Rai’s photographs remind me of Cartier-Bresson’s work in India. Its seems he must have been influenced by Cartier-Bresson. Prior to joining Magnum, Rai photographed for various Indian newspapers, and then continued to produce most of his work for the agency in India. His projects range from street scenes to images of weddings to a documentary project on a chemical disaster. He photographs both in black and white and color. I am interested in how he plays with movement and the crowded spaces of India.

Some of his images I recognize, such as Local commuters at Church Gate railway station. Mumbai. 1995.

two men read the newspaper in transit station as commuters move around them

Raghu Rai. Local commuters at Church Gate railway station. Mumbai. 1995.

In this image he uses a long exposure so that that the men sitting still reading the newspaper are in focus, while the rushing commuters surrounding them are captured as blurs. This image strongly relays a feeling of business and chaos, and yet there is something oddly peaceful about the calm, quiet space the three men exist in within the middle of the frame. Similarly, in At a bus stop, Ahmedabad 1994 Rai captures a street scene in which the people in the foreground are still and in focus while the moving truck and motorcycle in the background blur by. Rai captures the coexistence of these dichotomies. The movement of the background makes the image more aesthetically interesting than had he used a quick exposure to freeze the moving vehicles. I enjoy his street photography; there is subtlety to the images that allow me to feel like I am within the scene without being obtrusive.

Men standing in town wearing dark pants and white shirts.

Raghu Rai. At a bus stop, Ahmedabad 1994