Tag: china

Magnum Site: First Impressions

The vastness of the collection on Magnum’s website is overwhelming – similar to the content itself, the sheer volume is impressive, diverse, and spans a wide range of times and places. The site is so clean, neat, and simple, and I think this design is the best way to view this type of photography; there are no distractions, no colors on the borders of the pages, and very few words. The photographs are allowed the space and freedom to speak for themselves, and they most certainly do.

I approached the collection by looking at the “Whereabout Map” section of the site and delving into different parts of the world. Most of the major countries are represented with dozens of photographers who have shot there – hundreds upon thousands of documented moments from all of the significant events of the past century and a half. I started in Europe, poked around in the Middle East, and then transitioned over to Cambodia, looking at poverty, war, religion, art, community, tragedy, and strength along the way. I then chose my two photographers at random from the list (by completely just judging their names and making associations in my head). I picked Bruce Davidson because his name seemed familiar, American, and that maybe I could relate to his photos. I chose Lu Nan because I am interested in the history of Asia and figured I would see something less familiar, but definitely distinct and fascinating.

Bruce Davidson is in fact an American photographer, born in 1933. He has been fascinated with photography since the age of ten, and was an active, accomplished photographer throughout high school and college. After serving in the military, he came back to the US and joined Magnum in 1958. He is perhaps best-known for his impressive first-hand documentation of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s, for which he received a Guggenheim fellowship, an NEA grant, and an extensive exhibit at MOMA. This project contains some fairly iconic images of Martin Luther King Jr., including the following that I found very familiar:

Dr. martin luther king jr. surrounded by reporters

Dr. martin luther king jr. sitting at a table with microphones in front of him

It was a different project of Davidson’s that I found most compelling, though. In 1959, he published a photo essay entitled Brooklyn Gang. I was drawn to the raw simplicity of the photos – all black and white, naturally, and all seemingly candid. They are small snapshots of banal moments in a group of teenagers’ lives: walking down the street, buying a soda, laying on the beach, sitting in the back of a car. And though they are taken from a different era, they seemed so overwhelmingly familiar and comfortable. This first photo in particular captures that feeling for me:

Man at lunch counter

It is impossible for this photograph to be any more quintessential-1950s-white-American-teen. The Coke, the penny candy, the scrawny yet tough character, the way his sleeve is rolled up far too high on his arm, the slicked back hair – this might as well be a screengrab out of an episode of Happy Days. And nearly all of the pictures look like this, like the way we’ve all agreed upon defining the 50s from hindsight. Yet it’s all very real in these photographs; these teens have been documented in such a way that their lives resonate in a very true fashion with me today.

Young man at the beach sitting in the sand

This second photo of Davidson’s intrigued me because it left me with a lot of questions. Whereas many of the other photos in this series seem candid and casual, this one stands out because the subject is facing the camera directly. The posture and the angle we see is very open and vulnerable – it welcomes the viewer in, and opens the door to many questions: Is he alone on the beach, or are his companions just not in this shot? What is he carrying in his luggage? Exactly how old is he? What do his tattoos mean? Does he know that cat? This picture really captured my attention and drew me in, like all of Davidson’s extensive, impressive work.

Next I moved on to Lu Nan. His work instantly instantly grabbed my focus, so I tried to learn about his life, and I found that to be a mysteriously hard task. It turns out, the 47-year-old Chinese photographer (the only Chinese photographer in Magnum, ever) is a notorious recluse and cryptic person. Not much is known about his life, and he will occasionally inexplicably disappear for years at a time. Nan’s work, regardless of the details of his personal life, is painful, beautiful, spiritual, and enlightening. I was especially drawn to his series On the Road, the Catholic Church in China. This project documents the underground goings-on of the illegal Catholic community in secular China in the early 1990s. My initial expectation going into Nan’s work was that it would be very foreign and unfamiliar to me – however, my Catholic upbringing made the images of Catholicism in this distant country very familiar. These two photographs were particularly resonate:
Young man in long robes walking along mountain pathGroup of people sitting in a circle

They capture images that are so commonplace in my mind – a member of the Franciscan order and a group of people gathered in prayer. But the background and undertones of the images are what make these shots so powerful, unique, and different, at least for me – the picturesque mountains so casually and elegantly providing the backdrop for the photos and the very real sense that the religious actions being taken are highly dangerous. The main picture in focus in the foreground with an exotic background mimics the very nature of that which is depicted (in my mind): something clear up front, with something very unknown in back.

The following two photos from the Catholic photo essay additionally left me awestruck:People surrounding mother and baby

Man speaking to older women in front of a large window

Both capture the moment of baptism, initiation into the Catholic Church. The top pictures shows an 8-day-old baby being baptized, and the caption reveals that it is illegal for a person under the age of 18 years to be baptized. The bottom picture shows an 82-year-old woman being baptized. Both depict an overwhelming sense of strong faith, and, furthermore, a dedication to a religion that is so difficult to dedicate oneself to in China at this time. A lot of Nan’s work depicts heart-wrenching, sad realities in China, but I found that above all else, a true sense of community and commitment is evident in the people shown in his work.

Finally, I enjoyed this picture of Nan’s, because it reminds me of Carl and Ellie in the movie Up.

Elderly couple sitting in front of wall with photos

A Story of Aesthetics

The Magnum website proved to be as beautiful and easily navigable as the photography on the site. From the simple font and design to the way the posts were separated into blocks, the Magnum website and the photographs draw you in. Although very uninformed about the technicalities of photography and what goes into making a shot aesthetically pleasing, I think that there is not one photo on this site that you could not deem beautiful or captivating. Ironically, although I am not sure that is the right word to use, even the photos of war and pain and corruption were captured in the most attractive, most vibrant, most pleasing ways. But especially through these almost inhumane documentations of horror, I personally was able draw a better focus on the very blurry line between photography and photojournalism.  Photojournalism is unforgiving. It captures raw truth. And beyond being merely visually pleasing, the work of these photographers tell a tale of relevance and gravity far better than CNN, The New York Times, The Atlantic, NPR. Rather than reading or listening to the news, the photography stays still as you find yourself paused in time, across the globe, in the midst of a crisis, a riot, a  singular moment. However, not every photograph captured a pivotal, societal event or crisis; many were documentations of an era–the fashion, the people, the culture–which hold relevant meaning and a story to tell as well. Through these static snapshots, the Magnum Collective does not merely document human history but urges the viewers to never forget, to stay empathetic and to never remain still.

The two photographers that I chose to look at were two female photographers: Eve Arnold and Alessandra Sanguinetti. In the process of choosing photographers I decided I wanted to give my attention to the very small female population in Magnum. I first chose Arnold, who had a quote that caught my attention in her profile: If a photographer cares about the people before the lens and is compassionate, much is given. It is the photographer, not the camera, that is the instrument.” This bolstered my perception of Magnum photographers as the warriors of our world, those who venture out in search of stories in need of being told. Almost evangelically, their photographs spread the gospel of remaining informed and not remaining still. To me, the particular Arnold photograph that embodies this is a gorgeous image of a young Chinese girl and a tired white horse on a beautiful green field lightly sprinkled with white and yellow flowers. Not only is this photo visually beautiful, it is beautifully intriguing. The caption, “CHINA. Inner Mongolia. Horse training for the militia. 1979” completely contradicts the serenity and beauty the photo holds and pulls the viewer into its story. Is this young girl dressed in bright pink really training a horse for war? Was she doing in voluntarily, against her own will? How old is she really? What are her own perceptions of the war? In this moment of utter peace, could there actually be a different story? There is no way not to get lost in the mystery and intrigue. Initially left with but a short caption, the viewer finds himself immersed in a story that urges him to discover more. 

Young woman laying in field with horse

The second photo that really drew me in was a black and white shot of Marlene Dietrich. The photograph is haunting; Dietrich is sitting in a distressed pose, her elbow on her thigh and hand on her cheek–in almost a “The Thinker”-esque pose. On the table in front seems to be a mug and a used tissue. The depth of the distress tugs at your heart, makes you want to comfort the damsel–that is, until you read the caption. The caption describes “Dietrich at the recording studios of COLUMBIA RECORDS, who were releasing most of her songs she had performed for the troops during World War II, including LILI MARLENE, Miss Otis Regrets. She was 51 years old and starting a come-back in show business. It was a wet and cold November night and work could only begin at midnight, at the advise [sic] of Marlene’s astrologer. November 1952.” The caption transform the photo into one of more exhaustion, a worn-out feeling. I could hear her almost sighing, “Why am I here?” The photograph and the caption work to give the viewer a piece of Dietrich’s personality–a mix of haughty stardom but also a worried, superstitious and desperate ex-star.

Woman at table looking away from camera

Whether it be in color or not, have a long caption or not, both of these photographs invite you into their story. In both, Arnold truly captured moments that long to find a viewer who will listen to and search for its story.

Visual storytelling cannot solely be attributed to Arnold. Quite honestly, I believe it is embedded in the essence of photojournalism. Through Book 1 of her photo journal “The Adventures of Guille and Belinda…” Alessandra Sanguinetti, the second photographer I chose, captures snapshots of two girls’ lives. Of the two photos that especially stood out to me, the one of Guille standing next to a large hydrangea bush with her face hidden among the leaves. It wasn’t particularly the odd situation at hand that really drew me in; it was the colors–the faded blues, the subtle pinks, the deep greens. With the stunning color scheme and the peculiar, silly, very animated pose, the photo is just fun–and fun to look at. All of them are actually. All the photos in this particular photo story captivate you with color and scenes of companionship and femininity within the confines of a square. My second favorite photo was also in the same photo journal. It shows Guille and Belina, two girls of opposite body figures, floating with their eyes closed in a beautiful blue body of water. They hold flowers in their hands which really reminded me of the painting Ophelia by Sir John Everett Millais. Once again, this odd scene paired with the beautiful colors make the photo impossible to not look at and just enjoy. The story Sanguinetti tells through her photographs is one that evokes a happy feeling, a story of innocence and the beauty of youth. Her images are purely lovely and portrays her two characters into a lovable pair, much like Wallace and Gromit.

Woman smelling flowers in large bush       Two young women laying river with flowers in their hands