Angel’s documentation blog – Page 3

Interaction lab recitation 4 documentation blog post

This week’s recitation is very intriguing. We have to construct a sketching machine! It’s intriguing to me because it makes art through a machine rather than through people, which prompts the question of whether the crawl generated by the machine is art or not.

The circuit appeared difficult at first, but after it was obvious that all of the grey lines were linked to ground and virtually all of the red lines were connected to 5V, everything fell into place. However, I made a critical error that almost resulted in the death of my Arduino. I connected all of the red lines to the single Arduino red line, then to both 5V and the power supply, which was a mistake. Step 1 was completed successfully, and step 2 was completed successfully until the motor failed in step 3.

Code:

/*
MotorKnob

A stepper motor follows the turns of a potentiometer
(or other sensor) on analog input 0.

http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Stepper
This example code is in the public domain.
*/

#include <Stepper.h>

// change this to the number of steps on your motor
#define STEPS 200

// create an instance of the stepper class, specifying
// the number of steps of the motor and the pins it’s
// attached to
Stepper stepper(STEPS, 8, 9, 10, 11);

// the previous reading from the analog input
int previous = 0;

void setup() {
// set the speed of the motor to 30 RPMs
stepper.setSpeed(30);
}

void loop() {
// get the sensor value
int val = analogRead(0);

// move a number of steps equal to the change in the
// sensor reading
val = map(val, 0, 1023, 0, 200);
stepper.step(val – previous);

// remember the previous value of the sensor
previous = val;
}

Question 1: What kind of machines would you be interested in building? Add a reflection about the use of actuators, the digital manipulation of art, and the creative process to your blog post.

After reading ART+Science NOW, I would like to build machines that involve the interaction between humans and the LED lights. I want to create something for hearing disability people. It will be a setting that can reflect peoples voice volume. The led will change colors according to the volume.

The actuator for this machine might be an sound sensor and an LED screen that fills with LEDs. To be more precise, there need to be many infrared distance sensors, which are used to detect people to make sure its the human that’s making sound.

The Arduino first needs to read what the sensors have detected, which indicates people’s voice. The changing values of some sensors indicate the volume of the voice. The output of the machine is the changes in LEDs lighting. Different people’s voice may influence the LEDs’lighting. The programming of controlling the lighting of the LEDs might be difficult and sophisticated.

I believe the creative process is mostly determined by how the LEDs will vary in response to the data collected by the sensor. It provides a lot of room for innovation. It may be used for commercial marketing or just for enjoyable engagement, for example. The application may be varied, and diverse creations can be filled with a variety of creativity.

Question 2: Choose an art installation mentioned in the reading ART + Science NOW, Stephen Wilson (Kinetics chapter). Post your thoughts about it and make a comparison with the work you did during this recitation. How do you think that the artist selected those specific actuators for his project?

Louis-Philippe Demers and Garry Stewart, Devolution, 2006

This interactive work of art portrays robots as equals to human dancers, as well as demonstrating how human actions affect robot behavior in the context of “ecosystem dynamics.” The connection between humans and robots is similar to what we’ve seen with our sketching machine. However, in our recitation, we viewed our computer as a tool rather than a human being. The actuators in the project demonstrated the beauty of machinery’s rhythm when performing dance. In other words, their erratic mechanical movement contrasted with human dancers’ graceful movement.

RIC week 5: art exhibition documentation

“The Bag”

Angel, Lana, and I decided to make a bag out of deconstructed food delivery plastic bags and packaging for our art exhibit. One of the most noticeable aspects of life in China is the food delivery culture. People’s everyday lives are seamlessly intertwined with the ease of ordering meals, yet most people do not consider the quantity of packaging that goes into each delivery, including plastic and paper bags, utensils, containers, and receipts. We amassed a total of about 60 bags after collecting bags from a small sample size of 10 peers over the course of one week, resulting in an average of 6 bags discarded per individual. We calculated that our school community consumes 8775 bags in only one week by multiplying the average number of bags per person by the number of individuals at NYUSH. We wanted to draw attention to this startling discovery through our artwork in order to educate people. To demonstrate the bulk and weight of all the packaging, we chose to load the bag with receipts, plastic utensils, and other packaging trash. We intended to change people’s minds about plastic bags by constructing a labor-intensive and completely functioning bag out of discarded bags.

Process:

We collected our friends’ and roommates’ food delivery trash over the course of a week. After gathering all our bags and packaging, we proceeded to cut our bags into small strips. Plastic strips were then used to weave into sheets that we fused together in between durable clear plastic and bubble wrap. With 6 of these sheets, we used hot glue to assemble them into the formation of a large tote bag, complete with a snap-closure lid. Handles were made by braiding together remaining strips.

To highlight that the bag was created from food packaging, we ripped off restaurant logos from the bags to decorate the sides. Finally, receipts, cutlery, styrofoam, and excess plastic were stuffed into the bag.

Conclusion:

We wanted to raise awareness about the quantity of packaging that is rapidly discarded with every meal delivery order for this project. The bags we gathered ended up being used for both our supplies and data collecting. With data on our community’s use of plastic bags adorning the bag, we intended to create a powerful and informative statement about how many bags are discarded. We were able to breathe new life into bags that consumers did not hesitate to use again by manufacturing a new plastic bag from discarded bags. We were able to create a strong and visually appealing bag out of other people’s trash, demonstrating that plastic bags can be recycled.

Improvements:

If we had more time, we would have collected bags from a greater number of people in order to obtain a more accurate statistic. Furthermore, we would have liked to use all 60 bags gathered to create a larger-than-life bag that would clearly demonstrate the amount of plastic collected.

Awareness:

The most difficult aspect of constructing this bag was the painstaking nature of the process. We had to weave our tiny strips one by one, which took a long time. After going through this time-consuming procedure, I can see why recreated items are frequently so expensive. The price includes the work involved in sorting, preparing, and reassembling recyclable materials, as well as fair compensation and quality assurance. This can be a double-edged sword because high prices dissuade many people from buying sustainable items, so they continue to buy non-sustainable products for the sake of convenience.

Remade in China bioplastic lab report

Please see the attached google docs

https://docs.google.com/document/d/12DKbQJngVQNPNeY2tEFKdphftGEzitLD10-5E7whLJE/edit?usp=sharing

Interaction lab group project 1 final reflection

Our performance Exoconscience

My group members were: Anthony, Sissy, Angel, and Grace.

Due to the typhoon, we had our first meeting through Zoom. We briefly discussed our thoughts from the books and chose which innovation should be recreated. We first intended to use the idea of the glove that connects to the brain to portray the emotions based on The Winter Market and its main character.

We then held a face-to-face discussion to discuss how to implement the notion. However, we discovered that attaching the headgear and glove would be challenging. Furthermore, having two inventions will prevent other participants from participating in the project (you would only need just one person to perform). As a result, we opted to solely create the glove and use the exoskeleton technique. We chose one of our group members to be the ‘puppet’ who receives input (emotion) from ‘outsiders.’ With an exoskeleton, the outsiders control the puppet’s movement and emotions. This way, we could all take part in the performance.

We got together again to make the glove after thoroughly planning it out. We debated whether to create the glove out of the box or to use other gloves, such as mountain gloves. We were also unsure about how to recreate the exoskeleton because we knew we couldn’t use advanced technology like a 3D printer or laser cutter. We used wool strings as a tool for both the glove and the exoskeleton to address these concerns.

In addition, we placed several cardboard boxes to serve as joints. The puppet’s movement may be more easily controlled because to these “joints.” We were able to adjust the stiffness and shape of the stiff cardboard by using the scoring cutting technique that my other group member and I observed at the cardboard session. Furthermore, instead of using a glue gun to attach the joint rings, we used velcro tapes to make it easier to connect and detach the rings.

We also sought to use as little sound as possible and to interact with the audience in ways other than acting/skit. However, we thought that our idea lacked a lot of interactive elements. We created the loading screen for the puppet to let the viewer know that the puppet and its emotions are being gradually manipulated.
The joint rings are one of the elements that can be improved. It fell off twice throughout the performance and had to be reattached. I feel part of the cause is that we did not secure it tightly enough to the actor’s arms, but I believe we can strengthen it.

Our concept is inspired by the Winter Market. The protagonist of that story has some of her spirit and consciousness in a ‘robot.’ This sparked our idea to create an exoskeleton to carry her spirit. As a result, when people suffer from physical diseases or injuries, their awareness can be input into the exoskeleton, which carries the people’s spirit. However, it may have a number of disadvantages. For example, as indicated in the novel, the female heroine is frequently unsure about herself: whether she is herself or a robot. People in this exoskeleton cannot govern themselves using their own awareness; instead, they are controlled by the outside world. As a result, we decided to show it to the audience. We build rings out of cardboard and ropes and place them on a person’s body to make him look like a puppet. People close to him use the strings to manipulate him into performing the activities, implying that, despite having his spirit in this exoskeleton, he was unable to govern himself and therefore lost his right to his own body. What about his spirit? Is that also under control? So, who exactly is he? Is he still the same person? Those questions have remained in our minds, and we want to show them to the public as well.

Throughout the process, I offered my interactive artifact ideas. The concept is a combination of my own and another group member’s ideas. Also, my group members and I have discussed a lot of our final idea, and I believe I have put forward some valuable views during the conversation that are very beneficial in improving our final product and performance. During the construction process, I assisted with cutting and bending the cardboard, as well as sticking the strings and other items to the card boards.

I believe this artifact has certain benefits since it can assist persons who have physically suffered from accidents or diseases in getting rid of the physical agony while maintaining their spiritual life. However, it can still be troublesome because issues such as “who is actually directing this body” may arise. As a result, I believe this is a really complicated problem.

I truly like the group of life trackers’ performance. They created a life tracker to monitor a person’s safety, happiness, and health, among other things. They acted out a person’s entire life with the help of a life tracker named Shadow.

Their style is inspired by the Fish in Lijiang. I was having some difficulty linking their item and performance to the story. However, the technological environment is very similar, and that artifact appears to be something that could be invented at the period. Furthermore, the protagonist loses control of his life and loses his sense of time, which is somewhat pertinent to what they have done. In summary, the performance is really appealing and intriguing. To improve their overall performance, I would advise them to stay more within the context of the story, as I am experiencing a disconnect between their work and the story.

Interaction lab recitation 3 documentation blog post

Ultrasonic Ranger: [1] The Ultrasonic Ranger (AKA Ultrasonic Sensor OR HC-SR04) can be used to detect distance. To program the Arduino to work with this sensor, you can use this post or use the Ping example .

[1] (Arduino>File>Examples>0.6Sensors>Ping). In order for the HC-SR04 to work with the Ping code, you MUST connect both Trig and Echo to the same Digital Pin in your Arduino.

Picture from sparkfun.com

Question 1: What did you intend to assemble in the recitation exercise? If your sensor/actuator combination were to be used for pragmatic purposes, who would use it, why would they use it, and how could it be used?

We want to connect the led lights to the ultrasonic rangefinder to create a light that varies in response to the object’s distance. This device is suitable for use on a deep-sea sounder. The stronger the light is, the closer the object in front of you is. This device has the potential to act as a watchdog.

Question 2: Code is often compared to following a recipe or tutorial. Why do you think that is?

Code is similar to a recipe or tutorial in that it instructs a machine on what to do with its physical components in order to create outcomes as a function. In comparison, newborns have the instruments, in the shape of body parts, to conduct motor actions such as movement if their parents tell or teach them how. Similarly, computers and other types of hardware, such as the arduino, can transmit electricity via different hard components to achieve diverse functions, but they can’t unless someone, in this instance code, teaches them how to direct their signals and electricity.

Question 3: In The Language of New Media, Manovich describes the influence of computers on new media. In what ways do you believe the computer influences our human behaviors?

I feel that the computer’s fast-forward features, as well as its access to social media, have introduced new hobbies and interests to computer users. Furthermore, improved computation enables people to build more algorithms and applications, allowing for greater creativity.

<pre>

// —————————————————————- //

// Arduino Ultrasoninc Sensor HC-SR04

// Re-writed by Arbi Abdul Jabbaar

// Using Arduino IDE 1.8.7

// Using HC-SR04 Module

// Tested on 17 September 2019

// —————————————————————- //

#define echoPin 2 // attach pin D2 Arduino to pin Echo of HC-SR04

#define trigPin 3 //attach pin D3 Arduino to pin Trig of HC-SR04

int outputValue = 9;        // value output to the PWM (analog out)

int led = 9;

// defines variables

long duration; // variable for the duration of sound wave travel

int distance; // variable for the distance measurement

int analogOutPin;

void setup() {

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an OUTPUT

pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an INPUT

Serial.begin(9600); // // Serial Communication is starting with 9600 of baudrate speed

Serial.println(”Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 Test”); // print some text in Serial Monitor

Serial.println(”with Arduino UNO R3″);

}

void loop() {

// Clears the trigPin condition

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

delayMicroseconds(2);

// Sets the trigPin HIGH (ACTIVE) for 10 microseconds

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds

duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculating the distance

distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Speed of sound wave divided by 2 (go and back)

// Displays the distance on the Serial Monitor

//Serial.print(“Distance: “);

//Serial.print(distance);

//Serial.println(” cm”);

// map it to the range of the analog out:

outputValue = map(distance, 0, 20, 255, 0);

Serial.println(outputValue);

// change the analog out value:

//analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue);

analogWrite(led,outputValue);

}

</pre>

// —————————————————————- //

// Arduino Ultrasoninc Sensor HC-SR04

// Re-writed by Arbi Abdul Jabbaar

// Using Arduino IDE 1.8.7

// Using HC-SR04 Module

// Tested on 17 September 2019

// —————————————————————- //

#define echoPin 2 // attach pin D2 Arduino to pin Echo of HC-SR04

#define trigPin 3 //attach pin D3 Arduino to pin Trig of HC-SR04

int outputValue = 9; // value output to the PWM (analog out)

int led = 9;

// defines variables

long duration; // variable for the duration of sound wave travel

int distance; // variable for the distance measurement

int analogOutPin;

void setup() {

pinMode(led, OUTPUT);

pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Sets the trigPin as an OUTPUT

pinMode(echoPin, INPUT); // Sets the echoPin as an INPUT

Serial.begin(9600); // // Serial Communication is starting with 9600 of baudrate speed

Serial.println(“Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 Test”); // print some text in Serial Monitor

Serial.println(“with Arduino UNO R3”);

}

void loop() {

// Clears the trigPin condition

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

delayMicroseconds(2);

// Sets the trigPin HIGH (ACTIVE) for 10 microseconds

digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);

// Reads the echoPin, returns the sound wave travel time in microseconds

duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);

// Calculating the distance

distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Speed of sound wave divided by 2 (go and back)

// Displays the distance on the Serial Monitor

//Serial.print(“Distance: “);

//Serial.print(distance);

//Serial.println(” cm”);

// map it to the range of the analog out:

outputValue = map(distance, 0, 20, 255, 0);

Serial.println(outputValue);

// change the analog out value:

//analogWrite(analogOutPin, outputValue);

analogWrite(led,outputValue);

}

IMG_3721 IMG_3722

Remade in China assignment 3 blog post

Art Installation Plan

Angel, Lana, and I want to collaborate with our classmates to create an art work inspired by food delivery packaging. Ordering meals from Eleme, Meituan, and other food delivery services is quite frequent in our school, but with each order comes an excess of plastic wrapping that is promptly discarded. Ordering just one meal generates a lot of trash, from plastic bags to plastic straws to receipts to single-use utensils.

To create this installation, we will collect unsoiled packaging waste that comes from food delivery for the next two weeks. We hope to collect plastic bags, thermal packaging, unused utensils, receipts, straws, and any other plastic packaging. We will ask our roommates and friends to collect their own trash, so we can show just how much waste is generated from just three different social groups. When we collect enough material, we will then begin to decide how to visually arrange them in a thoughtful yet impactful way. We anticipate that we will create a mosaic of some sort with the collected waste.

Community Group Progress

On Monday, September 20th, our group went to No. 2 Garden for the first time. We spoke with Mr. Zhao on which sections of the garden he believed might be improved. He mentioned that they do not have the most effective watering system and must water the vast lawn with a single hose, which is inconvenient. They attach the hose to little pipes that run across the garden above the plants, but it gets in the way when people want to walk through. After inspecting their present watering system, we determined that resolving the problem using recycled waste was most likely beyond our realistic capabilities.

Group picture with community member

Watering system

However, we saw a little tub of koi fish in the yard and inquired whether the water was changed on a regular basis. Mr. Zhao informed us that the water is changed, but because Shanghai’s water quality is fairly high, they do not need to replace the water all that frequently. Because the water was a little muddy, we thought we might make a gadget to assist them use the tub water for watering plants when they changed the water. Mr. Zhao pointed out that they already had a tool for this, which is a plastic hose with one end inserted into the water and pushed out onto the grass. It was a useful tool, but we observed that the water flowing out of the hose wasn’t very powerful, thus it took a while to empty.

We decided to try to enhance the hose by adding a foot pump and a hose head to create a stronger stream that might cover more land. We may try using a bottle as the foot pump and punching holes in a piece of plastic to generate a broader spray.

Interaction lab recitation 2 documentation blog post

Circuit 1: Fade
The circuit is intended to produce a process in which an LED light dims and then shines again. Because this circuit was very basic, I was able to create the circuit effortlessly after a short refresher of how electricity connects on a breadboard.

Circuit 2: toneMelody
The second circuit is designed to generate noises from a speaker through a breadboard, with the tones varying according to the computer code. We could vary the tempo and tones of the music played by changing the computer code, allowing us more creativity in the end product. Because the circuit was very easy, it was finished quickly.

IMG_3703

Circuit 3: Speed Game
The final circuit was probably the most difficult to build since it required complicated electrical connections and a variety of different components such as resistors, LEDs, and a speaker. The game pits two players against one other in a race to press a push button on the breadboard. A serial monitor can be used to view the results. The most difficult aspect of this circuit was properly connecting the correct wires to the various components. Area management on the breadboard was also important, since the crowded arrangement of the different wires from the positive side made it difficult to determine which wire belonged in which location.

IMG_3704

Material I used:

1 * Arduino Uno,1 * USB A to B cable,1 * breadboard,1 * buzzer,2 * LEDs, 2 * 220 ohm resistors 2 * 10K ohm resistors, 2 * pushbuttons,A handful of jumper cables

Question 1: Propose another kind of creative button you could use in Circuit 3 to make the game more interactive. Read and use some material from the Introduction Chapter (pages xvii to xxix) of Physical Computing to explain why this button would make this game more interactive.
“Input is usually easier than output because it takes less energy to sense activity than to move things.” (Introduction xx)

We could make the button larger to increase interaction. People can expend less energy in order to locate the little, tiny button on the breadboard. Such activities need less energy, which enhances interaction.

Question 2: Why did we use a 10K resistor with each push button? (Read the short explanation about pull-down resistors here)

Resistors are used to prevent short circuits by resisting voltage. The 10k resistors were used to prevent the 5V from connecting directly to the breadboard’s GND side, which would result in a short circuit.

Remade in China week2 reading reflection post

Reading:Plastic: A Toxic Love Story (Battle of the Bag: p. 140-170)
The readings really tell how much American society relies on plastic bags and their huge negative impact.
After spending several years in New York, I’ve witnessed how the city is working to protect the environment. For example, most supermarkets have begun to prohibit the use of plastic bags. The government has increased the tariff on plastics.
However, I believe that phasing out single-use products will be a lengthy process. This is why, while paper bags are more resource-intensive to manufacture, I think that ditching plastic and switching to paper is a critical first step toward altering the habit. This will take a long time because individuals have grown accustomed to the convenience of free plastic bags and are hesitant to give up their personal choices in order to continue using them.
However, as in the case of Ireland, people first resist the plastic bag ban, however as time goes on, people come to embrace it as a necessary element of the city’s culture and operations. To force change and gradually transform the whole population’s behaviors, the government must issue mandates.

Remade in China week 2 interview jurnal blog

Angel’s meeting journal:

Participants: Mr.Yan, RIC students, Professor Godoy, Chunhao

Time: 1:15pm-1:45pm Sept. 9th 2021

Purpose: Mr.Yan introduce us to his job responsibilities and surrounding garbage sorting & recycling situations

What I learned about the community partner:

Mr.Yan came from 安徽 anhui province
Mr.Yan earns 15k RMB monthly, as a garbage sorting man this earning really did surprise most of the class.
Mr.Yan came to shanghai 27years ago and now he owns a house in Shanghai Pudong district
He introduced us price differences among the metals
He has 6 children and the highest education level is high school.
He plans to work for another 10 years.
The “government-owned” recycle stations are usually private, meaning they are owned by individuals or companies.

What else happened at the meeting? What did you notice?

Two students Steve and max were responsible for translating Mr.Yan’s responses but because a lot of people are all spreading at once I think it makes it a bit tricker to listen to what Mr. Yan was actually saying.
Chunhao was helping to ask questions on the side.

What I would like to learn more about and how to find out?

I wonder what’s the real policy for garbage recycling and how the process is in Shanghai
Go online or check to see if there’s any contact I could make with the local department. Arrange interviews with local community.

Feel free to add any other useful information like:

How did you feel about the meeting?
It was really fun. I learned a lot of things that I should’ve known of but never paid attention to.

Angel’s meeting journal:

Participants: Mr.Zhao, Jennifer Cheung, Lana Damian

Time: 5:45pm-6:10 pm Sept. 15th 2021

Purpose: Mr.Zhao introduce us the history of the garden and how its working

What I learned from the community partner:
- Mr.Zhao lives in the building
- The Garden was founded by many retired men who live in the building
- It’s a place where elderly people can gather and chat
- Mr.Zhao doesn’t really have much work, he gets up in the morning and boils some hot water to make tea.
- There’s certain rules: no drinking, no gambling, no singing, no dancing.
- The garden was founded by local residents and get no funds from the government or local community.
- There’s indoor seating, but when the weather is too extreme they would close the garden.
What else happened at the meeting? What did you notice?

Due to extreme weather we couldn’t really make it onsite so we chose an online phone call.

What I would like to learn more about and how to find out?

I would like to go on site and see the environment. We arranged a meeting next week.

Interaction lab fiction blog post

3 short fiction stories

Story1:The winter market

Using technological headgear, transferring human memories and souls to a robotic body. For this transmission to take place, the human must consent to data being transferred to the robotic body, with the human body ceasing to respond once the transfer is complete. The human will subsequently be placed in a robotic body and will remain in it for the remainder of their lives. And if a part of the body is broken he or she can replace it and switch to a new body using the same technology.

Story 2: Newton’s Sleep

Viruses and contamination have forced humanity into SPES due to a virus outbreak on Earth in the story Fisherman of the Inland Sea – Newton’s Sleep. The persons chosen for the SPES were chosen for their high quality and live in a confined environment.

The SPES Society’s mental health may be severely harmed as a result of their absence from their mother planet. Virtual reality can be used to recreate Earth’s environment onto the SPES communit2y as part of an interactive media project. Virtual Reality is a sensor-based virtual experience that allows a person to travel around an alternate environment online.

Members of the SPES society can use this, together with Earth’s geographical data, to mimic Earth’s experience, allowing them to remember and experience Earth once more. Virtual Reality is now a reality in our society, but with limited capability and usefulness. Virtual reality, on the other hand, should be able to employ sensors to imitate actual touch by changing the texture of an interactive medium, thanks to advanced technology already available from space colonies.

Story 3: the fish of Lijiang

Our main character was required to complete neurological rehabilitation treatment in Lijiang in order to increase labor productivity. Everything in this beautiful lijiang, including the fish swimming in the pond, is a fabrication.

What I’d like to create is a virtual reality setting based on the concept of “time sense dilation therapy” from the short fiction. However, rather than utilizing it on elderly wealthy guys, I would like to use it on mentally ill people.

“By manipulating certain receptors in the pineal gland, it was possible to slow down one’s sense of time, to dilate it. The body of a person receiving time sense dilation therapy remains in the normal stream of time, but his mind experiences time a hundred, a thousand times slower than the rest of us.”(Chen)

Simultaneously, the VR setting might conjure up a vast paradise in one’s head and provide proper treatment. One may feel as if they have lived for ten years, yet in actuality they have only been for one hour.